Golf Tutorials

What Are the Most Common Mistakes Beginners Make in Golf?

By Spencer Lanoue
July 24, 2025

Stepping onto a golf course for the first time is one of the most exciting and frustrating experiences you can have. Every beginner shares a common goal: to hit that little white ball straight and far. But the path to getting there is littered with common pitfalls that can stall your progress and make the game feel impossible. This guide will walk you through the most frequent mistakes new golfers make and provide simple, clear advice on how to fix them, so you can spend less time feeling stuck and more time enjoying the game.

Mistake #1: Trying to Help the Ball Into the Air

This is arguably the most common mistake in golf, rooted in pure, logical instinct. You want the ball to go up, so you try to scoop it up. You hang back on your back foot, flick your wrists, and try to get "under" the ball to lift it. While it makes sense in theory, in practice, it’s the primary cause of two dreaded shots: the "thin" shot that screams across the ground and the "fat" shot where you hit the turf a foot behind the ball.

Why it Happens

Golf clubs are designed with loft for a reason. An 8-iron has more loft (angle) on its face than a 5-iron, meaning it will naturally send the ball higher. The club is engineered to do the work for you. When you try to scoop the ball, you disrupt the natural function of the club, altering the loft at impact and usually leading to your club bottoming out before it even reaches the ball.

The Fix: Hit Down to Make the Ball Go Up

It sounds backward, but it's the core principle of a solid iron strike. To get the ball airborne, you need to strike the ball first, then the turf. This compresses the ball against the clubface, and the club's loft does the work of launching it into the air.

  • Shift Your Weight: In your downswing, the first move should be a slight shift of your weight onto your front foot (your left foot for a right-handed golfer). This moves the low point of your swing forward, so it happens just after the ball.
  • Practice with a Tee: Place a ball on the ground as normal. Then, place a tee in the ground about two inches in front of the ball, toward the target. Your goal is not just to hit the ball but to clip the tee out of the ground after impact. This forces you to get through the ball with a downward strike.

Trust the loft. Your only job is to deliver the clubface squarely to the back of the ball with a descending blow. The club knows what to do from there.

Mistake #2: The Dreaded "All Arms" Swing

Many beginners think the golf swing is Gmostly an arm movement. They stand flat-footed, lift the club up with their arms and shoulders, and then chop down on it with their arms again. The result is a weak, inconsistent swing because it's missing the engine: your body.

Why it Happens

The concept of rotating your body can feel foreign and complex. Swinging with just your arms feels simpler and more direct. However, your arms are relatively weak compared to the powerful muscles in your core, hips, and legs. An "all arms" swing is like trying to hammer a nail using only your wrist, you’re leaving all the real power from your shoulder and body on the bench.

The Fix: Let Your Body Lead the Way

The golf swing is a rotational action. The club moves around your body in a circle, powered primarily by the turning of your torso.

  • Feel the Rotation: Without a club, get into your golf posture. Cross your arms over your chest, holding your shoulders. Now, practice turning your upper body back as if you were making a backswing. Feel your back turning towards the target. Then, unwind your body and finish facing the target. This is the core motion of the swing. The arms don't create this motion, they are pulled along by it.
  • Maintain the Connection: When you start swinging, try to keep your upper arms feeling connected a to your chest. As you turn your torso back, the arms and club go with it. As you unwind your a torso through, the arms and club are pulled along for the ride. This syncs up your body and arms, letting you use your stronger muscles to generate speed effortlessly.

Mistake #3: A Grip That's Working Against You

Your grip is your only connection to the golf club. If it's not right, you’ll spend your entire swing trying to compensate for flaws you built in before you even started moving. A bad grip is the steering wheel pointing the wrong way before you've even left the driveway.

Why it Happens

Holding a golf club feels unnatural. It's not like holding a baseball bat or a hammer. Most beginners either hold it too much in the palm of their hands (a "baseball" grip) or position their hands too far underneath (a “weak” grip) or too far on top (a “strong” grip). All of these force the clubface to be either open or closed at impact, forcing you to make last-second manipulations with your hands to hit it straight.

The Fix: Find a Neutral Position

A good, neutral grip lets your hands work together and allows the clubface to return to square at impact without any extra effort.

  1. Start with your lead hand (your left hand for a righty). Place the club so it runs diagonally from the base of your little finger to the middle of your index finger. You want to hold it more in your fingers than your palm.
  2. Close your hand. When you Look down, you should be able to see the first two knuckles of your left hand. The "V" formed by your thumb and index finger should point roughly towards your right shoulder.
  3. Now, add your trail hand (your right hand). The "V" formed by your right thumb and index finger should also point towards your right shoulder, mirroring your left hand. Settle the lifeline of your right palm over your left thumb.
  4. You can either interlock your right pinky and left index finger, overlap them, or use a ten-finger grip. None is inherently better than the other, choose what feels most secure and comfortable.

This will feel strange at first. Stick with it. A fundamentally sound grip eliminates dozens of potential problems down the line.

Mistake #4: Poor Setup and Posture

How you stand to the ball dictates how you can move. A poor setup, such as standing too tall or too hunched over, prevents your body from rotating properly. This is like trying to launch a rocket from a wobbly platform - the foundation isn’t there for a powerful, athletic move.

Why it Happens

Again, this feels weird. Nobody stands like this in daily life. As a new golfer, it feels self-conscious to lean over and stick your rear end out. The natural tendency is to stand too upright, which restricts your turn and forces you into an all-arms swing.

The Fix: Get into an Athletic Stance

Your golf posture should feel balanced and ready for action, just like a shortstop in baseball or a goalkeeper in soccer.

  • Bend from the Hips: A classic error is to slump the shoulders or bend from the waist. Instead, tilt forward from your hips, keeping your back relatively straight. This will cause your rear end to stick out - this is a good thing!
  • Let Your Arms Hang: With this tilt, your arms should hang down naturally from your shoulders. This is where your hands should hold the club. If you have to reach for the ball or feel cramped, adjust your tilt or distance from the ball.
  • Slight Knee Flex: Soften your knees a bit, but don't get into a deep squat. Think of it as just enough flex to feel balanced and athletic.
  • Balanced Footing: Set your feet about shoulder-width apart for a mid-iron. This provides a stable base for you to turn around.

Mistake #5: Swaying Instead of Rotating

This mistake often goes hand-in-hand with the "all-arms" swing. In an attempt to generate power, a beginner will shift their entire body weight laterally to their back foot on the backswing, then lunge their whole body toward the target on the downswing. This is a sway, not a turn.

Why it Happens

Swaying feels like you're loading up. You're moving your weight, which feels powerful. The problem is that your body's a center of rotation has moved, making it incredibly difficult to get back to the ball and make consistent contact.

The Fix: Turn Inside a Barrel

A great mental image is to imagine you are swinging inside a barrel. Your goal is to turn your shoulders and hips back and through without bumping into the sides of the barrel.

  • Focus on Your Center: As you swing, try to keep your head relatively steady. Your shoulders and hips are turning around your spine. There will be a slight, natural weight shift, but it’s a consequence of the turn, not a huge lateral lunge.
  • Feel the Resistance: On your backswing, you should feel some tension build up in your trail hip and leg a (the right leg for a righty). This means your lower body is resisting the turn of your upper body, which is creating powerful coil and torque, not just sliding sideways.

Mistake #6: Swinging Too Hard and Trying to Kill the Ball

Every beginner sees a long par-4 and thinks the only solution is to swing with 110% effort. This mindset - that power comes from brute force - is completely counterproductive. It tense a up your muscles, destroys your tempo, throws you off balance, and makes a proper swing sequence impossible.

Why it Happens

It's instinctive. The harder you swing, the farther the ball goes, right? Not in golf. Effortless speed from a smooth, balanced, and well-timed swing will send the ball much farther than a tense, fast, and jerky swing.

The Fix: Smoothness Before Speed

Good golf is about rhythm and tempo, not raw power. You need to earn the right to swing fast.

  • The 70% Rule: Go to the driving range with only one goal: to make every swing feel like it's at 70% of your maximum effort. Focus on making solid contact and finishing in perfect balance. You'll be amazed at how far the ball goes. Center-face contact is the most efficient way to generate ball speed, far more than flailing at it.
  • Hold Your Finish: A great indicator of balance is your ability to hold your finish position until the ball lands. If you are swinging too hard, you’ll be off-balance and stumbling after impact. Make it a goal to finish every swing in a poised, balanced "trophy pose," with your chest facing the target and most of your weight on your front foot.

Final Thoughts

Improving at golf means overcoming instinct. You have to learn to hit down to make the ball go up, use your body instead of just your arms, and swing smoother to hit it farther. By working on these fundamental mistakes, you’re not just patching a problem, you're building a solid foundation for a lifetime of better golf.

Learning on your own can feel lonely, and it’s tough to know if you’re fixing these things correctly. That's why having an expert in your pocket helps. When you see your ball in a buried lie, our technology helps you think through the right shot. With Caddie AI, I can analyze a photo you snap of a weird lie and instantly give you a smart plan. You can also ask me anything, anytime - from simple questions about rules to complex course management advice - so you're never left guessing what to do, clearing the mental clutter so you can play with more confidence and enjoyment.

Spencer has been playing golf since he was a kid and has spent a lifetime chasing improvement. With over a decade of experience building successful tech products, he combined his love for golf and startups to create Caddie AI - the world's best AI golf app. Giving everyone an expert level coach in your pocket, available 24/7. His mission is simple: make world-class golf advice accessible to everyone, anytime.

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