What Is One Stroke Over Par in Golf?

Making a score of one stroke over par on a golf hole is called a bogey, and it is arguably the most common score recorded on scorecards around the world. But a bogey is more than just a number, it’s a story of a hole where something didn’t go exactly to plan. This article won't just define what a bogey is. We'll break down the common reasons they happen, explore the mental side of accepting them, and give you practical, coach-approved advice on how to turn those potential bogeys into pars, helping you become a more consistent and confident golfer.

What "One Over Par" Actually Is: The Bogey Explained

Before we can truly understand a bogey, we first have to understand the benchmark it's measured against: par. Par is the expected score an expert golfer would achieve on a given hole. It's the target you’re aiming for. Golf courses determine par by the length of the hole and the number of shots it should ideally take to get the ball from the tee into the cup.

• Par-3: These are the shortest holes. The expectation is one shot to get onto the green and two putts to get the ball in the hole. Total = 3 strokes.
• Par-4: These are medium-length holes. The standard is a tee shot, an approach shot onto the green, and two putts. Total = 4 strokes.
• Par-5: These are the longest holes. An expert golfer is expected to take three shots to reach the green, followed by two putts. Total = 5 strokes.

With that established, a bogey is simply a score of one stroke higher than the par rating for that hole.

Here are some straightforward examples:

• Making a 4 on a Par-3 is a bogey.
• Making a 5 on a Par-4 is a bogey.
• Making a 6 on a Par-5 is a bogey.

Of course, golf scoring has a full range of terms based on par. Think of par as the baseline (a score of 0, in a way). Scoring better than par gets happy names, while scoring worse gets a progressive stack of "bogey" names.

• Birdie: One stroke under par (e.g., a 3 on a Par-4).
• Par: Same score as par (e.g., a 4 on a Par-4).
• Bogey: One stroke over par (e.g., a 5 on a Par-4).
• Double Bogey: Two strokes over par (e.g., a 6 on a Par-4).
• Triple Bogey: Three strokes over par (e.g., a 7 on a Par-4).

Why You’re Making Bogeys: Deconstructing the "Bogey Train"

For most golfers, bogeys aren’t caused by one catastrophic swing. They are usually the result of a small mistake that cascades into another. Understanding the common culprits is the first step toward avoiding them. Let’s break down the typical ways a par can slip away and become a bogey.

Poor Course Management

This is the number one reason amateur golfers record more bogeys than they should. Course management isn't about hitting perfect shots, it’s about making smart decisions. A bogey often starts on the tee box when you aim for a target you have no business trying to hit. Firing at a flagstick tucked behind a bunker, trying to cut the corner of a doglegged hole over trees, or pulling driver when a 3-wood would leave you in a much safer spot are all classic examples of poor strategy. A single aggressive, low-percentage decision can easily lead to a lost ball or a recovery shot from a terrible spot, putting par out of reach almost immediately.

Losing Shots Around the Green

How often has this happened? You miss the green with your approach shot but have a relatively simple chip. That par is still well within reach. But then you duff the chip, leaving it short. Now you’re feeling pressured. You chip again, this time sending it racing past the hole. Two putts later, you're walking off with a double bogey. This is how bogeys multiply. The strokes lost inside 50 yards of the hole are silent score killers. Likewise, three-putting is a direct path to a bogey. Nothing is more frustrating than hitting a beautiful tee shot and a great approach, only to waste a stroke with poor putting from long range.

Penalty Strokes and Recovery Mistakes

This one is more obvious. Hitting your ball out of bounds or into a water hazard adds an automatic penalty stroke. A solid drive followed by an approach shot that leaks into a pond turns a potential par into an almost certain bogey. But the damage doesn't always stop there. After a penalty, golfers often try to make up for the mistake with an overly aggressive 'hero shot' on their next swing. The bigger mistake, however, is what happens after a bad shot that leaves you in trouble. Let's say your tee shot ends up in the woods behind a large tree. The smart play is to take your medicine - punch the ball out sideways back to the fairway. The high-risk play is trying to thread the needle through a tiny gap in the trees. When that shot hits a branch and ricochets deeper into trouble, you've just turned a manageable bogey into a soul-crushing double or triple.

A Practical Guide to Avoiding Bogeys and Saving Pars

Knowing why bogeys happen is useful, but as a coach, I want to give you actionable steps to prevent them. Building a solid, bogey-proof game isn't about revamping your entire swing overnight. It’s about building better habits and making smarter choices on the course.

Step 1: Develop a Simple Pre-Shot Routine

Inconsistency leads to mistakes. A simple, repeatable pre-shot routine is your best friend when it comes to committing to your shot and reducing mental errors. It doesn't need to be complicated. Here's a basic framework:

1. Stand behind the ball and pick your target line. Whether it's the flag, the center of the green, or a tree in the distance, visualize the exact path you want the ball to take.
2. Find an intermediate target. Pick a spot on the ground - a leaf, a divot, a discolored patch of grass - just a few feet in front of your ball that lies on your target line. This makes alignment much easier.
3. Take one or two fluid practice swings. Don’t just flail at the air. Feel the tempo you want to have on the real swing.
4. Step up to the ball, align to your intermediate target, and hit it. Commit to the shot. Trust your routine.

Step 2: Play the Smart Shot, Not the Hero Shot

Adopt a new mindset: "Where is the safest place I can hit this ball that sets me up best for my next shot?” This single question can slash your scores. Aim for the widest part of the fairway. When approaching the green, aim for the center, not the tucked pin. Missing the green in the right spot (where you have a simple chip) is infinitely better than missing it short-sided (where you have a difficult bunker shot or a chip over a hazard).

Embrace the idea of a "strategic lay-up." If you have 230 yards to the green on a Par-5, instead of trying to hit a career 3-wood that might go anywhere, hit a comfortable 7-iron 150 yards down the fairway. This leaves you with a simple 80-yard wedge shot - a shot you can hit confidently - instead of a dicey chip from the rough. That is how you turn a potential bogey (or worse) into an easy par.

Step 3: Master the "Boring" Shots

You can save a huge number of strokes by getting good at two things most golfers neglect: lag putting and basic chipping.

• Practice Lag Putting: On putts longer than 20 feet, your goal isn’t to make it. Your goal is to leave yourself a "tap-in" - a second putt that's two or three feet, maximum. That eliminates the three-putt, which is a bogey-maker.
• Find One Trustworthy Chip: You don't need five different fancy chip shots. Learn one simple, reliable shot. A great option is a "bump and run" with an 8 or 9-iron. Use your putting grip and a small putting-like stroke to just bump the ball onto the green and let it roll out like a putt. It's low-risk, highly effective, and will get you on the green consistently, erasing those destructive chip-chip-putt sequences.

Step 4: Cultivate a "Next Shot" Mindset

This is the mental game. Every golfer, from a touring pro to a weekend beginner, makes bogeys. It’s a part of the game. The key is to not let one bad hole ruin the next three. If you make a bogey, accept it and walk to the next a tee with a clean slate.

Holding onto anger or frustration from a previous mistake creates tension in your swing, leads to poor decisions, and is the fastest way to turn a single bogey into a "bogey train." Take a deep breath, have a sip of water, and focus entirely on the shot in front of you. A short memory is one of the most powerful tools a golfer can have.

Final Thoughts

At its core, "one stroke over par," or a bogey, represents a small but recoverable stumble on a golf hole. Understanding that bogeys often stem more from poor decisions and short-game miscues than from major swing flaws puts the power back in your hands. By focusing on smart course management and building a resilient mindset, you can effectively manage mistakes and keep them from ruining your scorecard.

Building that kind of on-course intelligence is directly why I have put energy into my coaching methods and built tools to make the game easier to understand. For instance, Caddie AI is designed to be that objective second opinion in your pocket, helping you completely remove the guesswork that leads to bogeys. Instead of wondering if you should hit driver or 3-wood, you can get a clear strategy for the hole. If you’re stuck with a gnarly lie in the rough and considering a hero shot, you can take a picture and get instant, smart advice on the best way to play it an avoid disaster. It provides the clarity and confidence to make the right play, turning those moments of uncertainty that lead to bogeys into moments of smarter, better golf.