When you ask a golfer what the target is for a 15-foot putt, most will point directly at the hole. That simple answer, however, is precisely why so many putts slide by the edge. The real target on most putts isn't the cup itself, but a different spot entirely - an aim point dictated by the unique combination of the green's slope and the speed of your stroke. This article unpacks how you can find the correct target for any putt, transforming your green-reading from guesswork to a repeatable process.
The Target Isn't Always the Hole
The first fundamental shift in thinking you must make is to separate the destination from the target. The destination is always the hole, but the target is where you must start the ball to allow gravity to guide it to that destination. Aboard a ship, you point the bow where you want to go. In golf, due to the contours of the green, you often have to aim where you don't want to go to let the break carry the ball to the cup.
Imagine a gentle, right-to-left breaking putt. If you aim at the hole, gravity will immediately begin pulling the ball downhill and to the left. It never had a chance. The ball will miss low. For that putt to go in, you had to aim to the right of the cup - your true target was a spot on the "high side" of the break. The biggest error amateurs make is failing to play enough break, which means they fundamentally misunderstand what their real target is.
Finding Your Target: A Function of Line and Speed
Your aim point is never a fixed spot, it’s the result of two interacting forces: the line (or break) of the putt and the speed (or pace) you hit it with. You cannot determine one without considering the other.
Reading the Line (The "Break")
The line is the path your ball needs to travel to find the cup. Reading it accurately is a skill, but you can learn it by looking for a few key indicators. Before you even set up to the ball, take a moment to become a detective.
- Get a Low-Angle View: Start by standing directly behind your ball, facing the hole. Crouch down to get your eyes closer to the level of the green. This perspective exaggerates the slope and makes it easier to see the high point and low point of the putt's path. Is the hole visibly higher or lower than your ball? Is one side obviously "uphill"?
- Walk to the Midpoint: Take a short walk to the side of your putting line, specifically to the "low side." Looking up at the putt's path from this angle gives you a a different perspective on the overall amount of slope.
- Look From Behind the Hole: One of the most underutilized techniques is to walk past the cup and look back at your ball. This perspective often reveals subtle breaks you missed from the initial read.
- Use Your Feet: Your sense of balance is incredibly sensitive. As you stand over the ball, can you feel more pressure on the balls of your feet (downhill lie) or your heels (uphill lie)? Can you feel more weight in your right foot than your left, or vice versa? This is your body giving you free information about the slope.
Controlling Your Speed (The "Pace")
Speed is the engine that drives your putt. The exact same putt, with the same line, will have a completely different outcome depending on how firmly you strike it. A fast putt will be less affected by gravity and will break less. A slow putt will be more vulnerable to gravity and will break much more.
Consider two putts on the same 10-foot, right-to-left line:
- Firm Pace: If you hammer the putt, trying to jam it into the back of the cup, it will travel in a straighter line. Your target aim point might only be one or two inches outside the right edge of the hole. The risk? Any miss will leave you with a long, tricky putt coming back.
- Dying Pace: If you hit the putt softly so it just trickles in, it will take a much bigger curve. That same putt might now require a target aim point a full foot outside the hole. This "dying" speed often gives the ball a better chance to fall in from the side (using the "side door"), but a slight miscalculation can leave you short.
Most great putters find a happy medium. They practice a speed that would cause the ball to roll consistently 12 to 18 inches past the hole if it missed. This pace is firm enough to hold its line against an imperfections in the green but soft enough to take advantage of the a wider "catch area" of the hole. By keeping your pace consistent, you remove one of the biggest variables and make reading the break much simpler.
A Step-by-Step System to Find Your Aim Point
Reading greens can feel like an art, but you can approach it with a scientific process. Turn chaos into a repeatable routine that gives you confidence.
- Identify the Apex: Based on your read from behind the ball and from the side, visualize the journey of the putt. Find the "apex" - the highest point of the curve where the ball will stop moving away from the target line and start breaking back towards the hole. Understanding the apex is foundational to seeing the entire path.
- Work Backwards from the Hole: With your desired 18-inch-past speed in mind, imagine the "entry point" where the ball will fall into the cup. On a right-to-left putt, this will likely be around the "7 o'clock' orientation of the hole. Now, trace the line back from that entry point up to the apex and then all the way back to your golf ball. You have now visualized the entire path.
- Find a Tiny Intermediate Target: Here’s where it becomes practical. Staring at an imaginary spot "a foot outside the hole" from 20 feet away is extremely difficult. The human brain isn’t wired for that kind of abstract aiming. Instead, find a tiny, physical spot on your visualized line that’s only one or two feet in front of your golf ball. It could be a slightly different colored blade of grass, a tiny piece of dirt, or an old ball mark.
- Aim at the Small Target: Forget about the hole. Forget about the break. Your only goal now is to set up your putter face squarely to that intermediate target and roll the ball directly over it. If you’ve read the green correctly and your speed is good, you are simply trusting that physics will take care of the rest. This simplifies the process im_mense_ly and allows you to commit to your stroke without any last-second doubts.
Putting It All Together: Common Scenarios
Let's apply this an all the different types of putts you'll face.
Uphill vs. Downhill Putts
This is where the relationship between line and speed is most obvious.
- Uphill Putts: You need to hit these harder to get the ball to the hole. Because the ball is traveling faster, it will break _less_. Therefore, your aim point will be closer to the hole.
- Downhill Putts: You must hit these softly. Because the ball is traveling slower, gravity has more time to influence its path, causing it to break _more_. Your aim point will need to be significantly farther away from the hole to account for the exaggerated curve. A downhill 10-footer might break twice as much as an a flat one.
Practicing to Trust Your Target
It’s one thing to read the target and another thing entirely to trust it. Aiming a foot outside the hole feels wrong at first, but drills can build this trust.
The Gate Drill: This is the best drill for mastering the intermediate target concept. Find a breaking mid-range putt on the practice green. Go through your routine and identify your intermediate target. Now, place two tees on the ground, creating a small "gate" just wide enough for your ball to pass through on that line, about a foot in front of your ball. Your task is simple: ignore the hole and just roll the ball through the a gate. Do this repeatedly, adjusting the gate's position based on the results, until you get a feel for how the ball reacts after passing a _through_ the gate. This will build immense confidence that a good start will lead to a good result.
Final Thoughts
Choosing the right target is more about process than perception. It requires understanding that the target is a unique aim point determined by the interaction between the green's line and your chosen speed. By adopting a consistent routine and learning to trust an intermediate target, you can take the guesswork out of green reading.
At the end of the day, confidence is king. Sometimes you'll still feel uncertain standing over a tricky, breaking putt with the match on the line. That's why we built Caddie AI. Our app can analyze your putting performance over time to help you understand your tendencies, and on the course, its guidance can give you that simple, smart reassurance on what the right play is. By analyzing the variables for you, We help take a complex decision and make it simple, so a a you can stand over the ball, trust your target, and make a confident stroke.