Golf Tutorials

What Does an Asterisk Mean in Golf?

By Spencer Lanoue
July 24, 2025

Seeing an asterisk next to a golfer's score might make you think something is up, and you would be right. It’s a small mark with a big meaning, signaling that a score was achieved under special conditions or holds a controversial story. This article will break down exactly what a golf asterisk means, from a simple notation on your handicap record to a heated point of debate in major championship history.

The Core Meaning: A Score With a Story

First things first, you won't find the "asterisk rule" in the official Rules of Golf published by the USGA or R&A. It's not a formal penalty or an official designation. Instead, think of an asterisk (*) as a powerful, universally understood annotation. Its a footnote, a heads-up that says, "Yes, this score is technically correct, but there's more to the story."

The core purpose of the asterisk is to add context. It casts a little shadow of doubt or, at the very least, indicates that a round was played under conditions that weren't quite standard procedure. Whether it’s thanks to friendly Local Rules, an incomplete round, or a historic controversy, the asterisk serves as a permanent “yes, but…” attached to a number on a scorecard.

The Asterisk in Everyday Golf: Your Handicap Record

The most common and least dramatic place you'll see an asterisk is connected to your golf handicap. The World Handicap System (WHS) is a complex beast, designed to create a level playing field by tracking your demonstrated ability. To maintain its integrity, the system needs to know when you played a round under non-standard conditions. In this context, an asterisk is simply an informational flag, not a mark of shame.

It helps the WHS algorithms calculate your handicap index accurately by acknowledging that certain scores were achieved with a bit of help or under unusual circumstances. It ensures fairness for everyone in the system. So if you see one next to your own score in your handicap app, don't sweat it. Chances are, it's there for one of these perfectly normal reasons.

Common Reasons for a Handicap Asterisk

  • Preferred Lies (“Winter Rules”): This is probably the most frequent reason. During wet and muddy times of the year, courses often enact a Local Rule allowing you to lift, clean, and place your ball in the fairway. This is a huge advantage, as you can give yourself a perfect lie every time. While perfectly legal under the Local Rule, the WHS needs to know you had this benefit, so your score gets an asterisk to denote the round was played with this helpful condition.
  • Incomplete Rounds: Did darkness or a thunderstorm cut your round short after 15 holes? For your score to be acceptable for handicap purposes, the system calculates a probable score for the holes you missed. This is usually your net par for those holes. Since you didn't actually play them, the final 18-hole score is marked with an asterisk to show it includes computer-generated hole scores.
  • Playing a Non-Standard Format: If you play in a team scramble, an alternate-shot tournament, or any format where you aren't playing your own ball from tee to hole for the entire round, any posted score might get an asterisk. The score gets recorded for the competition, but the asterisk clarifies that it wasn't a standard, individual round of stroke play.
  • Maximum Score Adjustments: The WHS includes a built-in safety net called Net Double Bogey. For handicap purposes, the maximum score you can take on any hole is a double bogey, plus or minus any handicap strokes you receive on that hole. If you have an absolute disaster and make a 10 on a par-4, your score for that hole gets adjusted down for the handicap calculation. Some software will place an asterisk next to your adjusted hole score to indicate it was manually lowered to the max.

The Asterisk on Tour: Controversy, Legend, and "What Ifs"

When you hear golf analysts and hardcore fans talk about an asterisk, it's usually in a much more dramatic context. Here, the asterisk is an unofficial, often permanent stain placed by the public, media, and fellow players on a tournament victory or a historical record. It's the ultimate symbol of a tainted win, one that's technically valid but shrouded in controversy or what many feel was an unfair advantage.

These asterisks are invisible, but their presence is felt every time a particular event or player is mentioned. They become part of the very telling of golf history.

The Most Famous Asterisk: The 1968 Masters

Ask anyone about asterisks in golf, and they’ll likely bring up Roberto De Vicenzo at the 1968 Masters. The story is pure heartache. After shooting a brilliant final round, De Vicenzo was poised to be in a Monday playoff with Bob Goalby for the green jacket.

However, his playing partner and scorecard marker, Tommy Aaron, had mistakenly marked a 4 on the 17th hole when De Vicenzo had actually made a birdie 3. In the emotion of the moment, De Vicenzo signed the incorrect scorecard. Under the strict Rules of Golf, the higher signed score must stand. There was no changing it. His score officially went in as a 66 instead of a 65, and he lost his chance at the Masters by that single shot. Bob Goalby was declared the winner.

Technically, Bob Goalby is a Masters champion. But in the hearts and minds of millions of golf fans, his name in the record books will forever carry a silent asterisk. De Vicenzo's famous, philosophical response summed it up: “What a stupid I am.”

The Equipment Controversies: Questionable Grooves and Drivers

Technology has often blurred the lines of fair play, leading to some asterisk-worthy wins.

  • Wedge Grooves (2010): For a brief period, Phil Mickelson wielded Ping-Eye 2 wedges with square grooves that had been approved decades earlier but were being phased out by new groove rules. These wedges produced incredible amounts of spin, far more than the clubs most of his competitors were using. While they were technically legal for him to use, his win at the 2010 Farmers Insurance Open came with grumbles from other players who felt he was exploiting a loophole. For many, that win comes with a small asterisk.
  • The Callaway ERC II Driver: In the early 2000s, Callaway released the ERC II driver, a club that exceeded the new trampoline-effect limits set by the USGA, making it "non-conforming" (i.e., illegal) for play in the United States and on the PGA Tour. However, European tours took longer to adopt the rule. For a while, players in Europe could use this much "hotter" driver. Any records set or tournaments won using that driver during that period are often viewed with a sense of illegitimacy by staunch traditionalists.

Redefining Dominance Without an Asterisk: The Tiger Effect

A great way to understand what justifies an asterisk is to look at a career that absolutely defies it: Tiger Woods. His dominance in the late '90s and 2000s was so profound that courses were actively redesigned to make them harder *specifically for him* - a process famously known as "Tiger-proofing." They made courses longer and added hazards in an attempt to curb his power and precision.

Yet, he just kept winning. Despite the entire sport altering its physical landscape to challenge him, nobody can legitimately place an asterisk next to any of his 15 major championships or 82 PGA Tour wins. His victories were undisputed on all fronts, making them the gold standard of asterisk-free achievements.

What This All Means for Your Own Game

Coming from the perspective of a coach, my advice on asterisks is straightforward and has two distinct sides. When it comes to your official handicap, accept the asterisk as a simple cog in a machine designed for fairness. Post your scores honestly, warts and all, and let the system do its job. It’s an administrative note, nothing more.

For your own personal records, however, the asterisk should be an internal one based on honesty. Did you shoot your best-ever 85? Awesome! Celebrate that. But if you were playing winter rules and improving your lie ten times, be honest with yourself. That little mental asterisk doesn’t diminish the great shots you hit, but it keeps that *true* record of an 84 or lower out there as a goal to be broken under "official" conditions.

Most importantly, don't be the golfer who starts assigning your own asterisks to your friends' good rounds. Recreational golf is about fun and camaraderie. If your buddy rolls the ball a few times in the fairway and shoots his best score, just give him a high-five. Trying to "legislate" a casual Saturday round only takes the enjoyment out of the game for everyone.

Final Thoughts

So, an asterisk in golf isn't an official mark, but rather a powerful symbol understood by all who follow the game. It’s an annotation that tells you a particular score, whether from your weekend round or a legendary Master's tournament, comes attached with a special circumstance or a story worth telling.

Knowing the rules and making the smart play in those "asterisk" situations is a massive confidence booster. Instead of guessing, we created Caddie AI to provide that instant clarity right when you need it. If you're pondering a ruling or facing a bizarre lie where you'd typically just roll the ball, you can get a straightforward, coach-level recommendation in seconds. It allows you to navigate the tricky parts of the game with certainty and focus on hitting your best shot.

Spencer has been playing golf since he was a kid and has spent a lifetime chasing improvement. With over a decade of experience building successful tech products, he combined his love for golf and startups to create Caddie AI - the world's best AI golf app. Giving everyone an expert level coach in your pocket, available 24/7. His mission is simple: make world-class golf advice accessible to everyone, anytime.

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